Mtundu watsopano wa terahertz multiplexer wawonjezera mphamvu ya data kawiri ndipo wawonjezera kwambiri kulumikizana kwa 6G ndi bandwidth yosayerekezeka komanso kutayika kochepa kwa data.
Ofufuza ayambitsa chipangizo chowonjezera cha terahertz chomwe chimawonjezera mphamvu ya deta kawiri ndipo chimabweretsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu ku 6G ndi kupitirira apo. (Chithunzi: Getty Images)
Kulankhulana kwa m'badwo wotsatira opanda zingwe, komwe kumaimiridwa ndi ukadaulo wa terahertz, kukulonjeza kusintha kwambiri kutumiza deta.
Machitidwewa amagwira ntchito pa ma terahertz frequency, kupereka bandwidth yosayerekezeka yotumizira deta mwachangu kwambiri komanso yolumikizirana. Komabe, kuti izi zitheke, mavuto akuluakulu aukadaulo ayenera kuthetsedwa, makamaka pakuwongolera ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino ma spectrum omwe alipo.
Kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwathetsa vutoli: pulogalamu yoyamba ya ultra-wideband integrated terahertz polarization (de)multiplexer yomwe idapangidwa pa nsanja ya silicon yopanda substrate.
Kapangidwe katsopano aka kamayang'ana gulu la sub-terahertz J (220-330 GHz) ndipo cholinga chake ndi kusintha njira yolumikizirana ya 6G ndi kupitirira apo. Chipangizochi chimawonjezera mphamvu ya data kawiri pomwe chimasunga kuchuluka kochepa kwa kutayika kwa data, ndikutsegulira njira ma netiweki opanda zingwe ogwira ntchito bwino komanso odalirika.
Gulu lomwe lachita izi ndi Pulofesa Withawat Withayachumnankul wochokera ku Sukulu ya Uinjiniya wa Zamagetsi ndi Makina ku Yunivesite ya Adelaide, Dr. Weijie Gao, yemwe tsopano ndi wofufuza wa postdoctoral ku Yunivesite ya Osaka, ndi Pulofesa Masayuki Fujita.
Pulofesa Withayachumnankul anati, "Chida chowonjezera polarization chomwe chikuperekedwa chimalola kuti mitsinje yambiri ya data ifalitsidwe nthawi imodzi mkati mwa gulu lomwelo la ma frequency, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti data ikhale yowirikiza kawiri." Kuchuluka kwa bandwidth komwe chipangizochi chikupeza sikunachitikepo pamtundu uliwonse wa ma frequency, zomwe zikuyimira kusintha kwakukulu kwa ma multiplexer ophatikizidwa.
Ma polarization multiplexers ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakulankhulana kwamakono chifukwa amalola ma siginecha angapo kugawana ma frequency band omwewo, zomwe zimawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu ya njira.
Chipangizo chatsopanochi chikukwaniritsa izi pogwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira za conical directional ndi anisotropic effective medium cladding. Zigawozi zimawonjezera polarization birefringence, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale high polarization extinction ratio (PER) ndi wide bandwidth—makhalidwe ofunikira a machitidwe olumikizirana a terahertz ogwira ntchito bwino.
Mosiyana ndi mapangidwe akale omwe amadalira ma waveguides ovuta komanso osagwirizana omwe amadalira pafupipafupi, multiplexer yatsopanoyi imagwiritsa ntchito anisotropic cladding yokhala ndi kudalira pang'ono pafupipafupi. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mokwanira bandwidth yokwanira yoperekedwa ndi ma conical couplers.
Zotsatira zake ndi bandwidth yochepa yomwe ili pafupi ndi 40%, PER yapakati yoposa 20 dB, ndi kutayika kochepa kwa insertion kwa pafupifupi 1 dB. Ziyeso za magwiridwe antchito izi zimaposa kwambiri zomwe zilipo kale za mapangidwe a optical ndi microwave, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi bandwidth yopapatiza komanso kutayika kwakukulu.
Ntchito ya gulu lofufuza sikuti imangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito a machitidwe a terahertz komanso imayika maziko a nthawi yatsopano yolumikizirana opanda zingwe. Dr. Gao adati, "Kupanga kumeneku ndi kofunika kwambiri pakutsegula kuthekera kwa kulumikizana kwa terahertz." Mapulogalamuwa akuphatikizapo kuwonera makanema apamwamba, zenizeni zodziwikiratu, ndi ma netiweki am'manja a m'badwo wotsatira monga 6G.
Mayankho achikhalidwe oyendetsera polarization ya terahertz, monga ma transducer a orthogonal mode (OMTs) ozikidwa pa ma waveguides achitsulo cha rectangular, amakumana ndi zofooka zazikulu. Ma waveguides achitsulo amakumana ndi kutayika kwakukulu kwa ohmic pama frequency apamwamba, ndipo njira zawo zopangira zimakhala zovuta chifukwa cha zofunikira kwambiri za geometric.
Ma multiplexer a polarization optical, kuphatikizapo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma interferometer a Mach-Zehnder kapena ma crystals a photonic, amapereka kuphatikizika kwabwino komanso kutayika kochepa koma nthawi zambiri amafuna kusinthana pakati pa bandwidth, compactness, ndi zovuta zopanga.
Ma coupler otsogolera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu makina owonera ndipo amafunika birefringence yamphamvu ya polarization kuti akwaniritse kukula kochepa komanso PER yapamwamba. Komabe, amalepheretsedwa ndi bandwidth yochepa komanso kukhudzidwa ndi kulekerera kwa zinthu.
Multiplexer yatsopanoyi imaphatikiza ubwino wa ma couplers olunjika ndi ma medium cladding ogwira ntchito bwino, kugonjetsa zopinga izi. Anisotropic cladding imawonetsa birefringence yayikulu, kuonetsetsa kuti PER yakwera kwambiri pa bandwidth yayikulu. Mfundo yopangira iyi ikuwonetsa kusiyana ndi njira zachikhalidwe, kupereka yankho lotheka komanso lothandiza pakuphatikizira terahertz.
Kutsimikizira kwa multiplexer koyesera kwatsimikizira kuti imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Chipangizochi chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pa 225-330 GHz, ndikukwaniritsa bandwidth ya 37.8% pomwe chimasunga PER yoposa 20 dB. Kukula kwake kochepa komanso kugwirizana ndi njira zodziwika bwino zopangira zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera kupanga zinthu zambiri.
Dr. Gao anati, "Kapangidwe kameneka sikuti kamangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito a njira zolumikizirana za terahertz komanso kumatsegula njira yopezera ma netiweki amphamvu komanso odalirika opanda zingwe."
Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu kumapitirira njira zolumikizirana. Mwa kukonza kugwiritsa ntchito ma spectrum, multiplexer imatha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito monga radar, kujambula zithunzi, ndi intaneti ya zinthu. "Pakatha zaka khumi, tikuyembekeza kuti ukadaulo wa terahertz uwu ugwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri ndikuphatikizidwa m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana," adatero Pulofesa Withayachumnankul.
Chojambulirachi chingathenso kuphatikizidwa bwino ndi zida zakale zopangira kuwala zomwe gululo linapanga, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito zolumikizirana zapamwamba zikhale zogwirizana. Kugwirizana kumeneku kukuwonetsa kusinthasintha ndi kukula kwa nsanja yogwira ntchito ya dielectric waveguide.
Zotsatira za kafukufuku wa gululi zasindikizidwa mu magazini ya Laser & Photonic Reviews, zomwe zikugogomezera kufunika kwake pakupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wa photonic terahertz. Pulofesa Fujita adati, "Mwa kuthana ndi zopinga zazikulu zaukadaulo, luso latsopanoli likuyembekezeka kukulitsa chidwi ndi ntchito zofufuza m'munda."
Ofufuzawo akuyembekeza kuti ntchito yawo idzalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zatsopano ndi kusintha kwaukadaulo m'zaka zikubwerazi, zomwe pamapeto pake zidzatsogolera ku zitsanzo zamalonda ndi zinthu.
Multiplexer iyi ikuyimira sitepe yofunika kwambiri potsegula kuthekera kwa kulumikizana kwa terahertz. Imakhazikitsa muyezo watsopano wa zida zolumikizidwa za terahertz ndi miyeso yake yosayerekezeka ya magwiridwe antchito.
Pamene kufunikira kwa maukonde olumikizirana othamanga kwambiri komanso amphamvu kwambiri kukupitilira kukula, zatsopano zotere zidzachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga tsogolo la ukadaulo wopanda zingwe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-16-2024