Nkhani Zamakampani: Kupaka kwapamwamba kumakhala patsogolo

Kusintha kwa makampani opanga zinthu zamagetsi kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo ma CD apamwamba salinso lingaliro chabe. Katswiri wodziwika bwino Lu Xingzhi adati ngati njira zamakono zili pakati pa mphamvu za nthawi ya silicon, ndiye kuti ma CD apamwamba akukhala linga la ufumu wotsatira waukadaulo.

Mu positi yake pa Facebook, Lu adanena kuti zaka khumi zapitazo, njira iyi sinamvetsetsedwe bwino ndipo inanyalanyazidwa. Komabe, lero, yasintha pang'onopang'ono kuchoka pa "Pulani B yosakhala yachikhalidwe" kukhala "Pulani A yachikhalidwe."

Kupezeka kwa zinthu zamakono monga linga la m'malire a ufumu wotsatira waukadaulo sikwangozi; ndi zotsatira zosapeŵeka za mphamvu zitatu zoyendetsera zinthu.

Mphamvu yoyamba yoyendetsera ntchito ndi kukula kwamphamvu kwa mphamvu ya makompyuta, koma kupita patsogolo kwa njira kwachepa. Ma chips ayenera kudulidwa, kuyikidwa m'magulu, ndikukonzedwanso. Lu adati kungoti mutha kufika pa 5nm sizitanthauza kuti mutha kuyika mphamvu ya makompyuta nthawi 20 kuposa mphamvu ya makompyuta. Malire a ma photomasks amaletsa malo a ma chips, ndipo ma Chiplets okha ndi omwe angadutse chotchinga ichi, monga momwe taonera ndi Blackwell wa Nvidia.

Mphamvu yachiwiri yoyendetsera ntchito ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana; ma chips salinso ofanana ndi onse. Kapangidwe ka makina kakupita ku modularization. Lu adazindikira kuti nthawi ya chip imodzi yogwira ntchito zonse yatha. Maphunziro a AI, kupanga zisankho zodziyimira pawokha, makompyuta a m'mphepete, zida za AR—ntchito iliyonse imafuna kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kwa silicon. Ma phukusi apamwamba ophatikizidwa ndi Chiplets amapereka yankho loyenera la kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito.

Chinthu chachitatu chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli ndi kukwera mtengo kwa deta, komwe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumakhala vuto lalikulu. Mu ma chip a AI, mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza deta nthawi zambiri zimaposa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera. Mtunda womwe uli m'ma phukusi achikhalidwe wakhala chopinga pakugwira ntchito bwino. Ma phukusi apamwamba amalembanso mfundo iyi: kubweretsa deta pafupi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kupita patsogolo.

Kupaka Patsogolo: Kukula Kodabwitsa

Malinga ndi lipoti lomwe linatulutsidwa ndi kampani yolangiza ya Yole Group mu Julayi chaka chatha, chifukwa cha zomwe zikuchitika mu HPC ndi AI yopangira, makampani opanga ma CD apamwamba akuyembekezeka kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa pachaka (CAGR) kwa 12.9% m'zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zikubwerazi. Makamaka, ndalama zonse zomwe zimapezedwa mumakampaniwa zikuyembekezeka kukula kuchoka pa $39.2 biliyoni mu 2023 kufika pa $81.1 biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2029 (pafupifupi 589.73 biliyoni RMB).

Makampani akuluakulu opanga zinthu, kuphatikizapo TSMC, Intel, Samsung, ASE, Amkor, ndi JCET, akuika ndalama zambiri pakupanga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo akuti ndalama zokwana $11.5 biliyoni m'mabizinesi awo apamwamba okonza zinthu mu 2024 zikuyembekezeka kuyikidwa.

Kuchuluka kwa nzeru zopanga mosakayikira kumabweretsa mphamvu zatsopano ku makampani opanga ma CD apamwamba. Kukula kwa ukadaulo wapamwamba wopaka ma CD kungathandizenso kukula kwa magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zamagetsi, makompyuta ogwira ntchito kwambiri, kusungira deta, zamagetsi zamagalimoto, ndi kulumikizana.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero za kampaniyo, ndalama zomwe zinapezeka kuchokera ku ma CD apamwamba mu kotala yoyamba ya 2024 zinafika pa $10.2 biliyoni (pafupifupi 74.17 biliyoni RMB), zomwe zikusonyeza kuchepa kwa 8.1% kotala lililonse, makamaka chifukwa cha nyengo. Komabe, chiwerengerochi chikadali chokwera kuposa nthawi yomweyi mu 2023. Mu kotala yachiwiri ya 2024, ndalama zomwe zinapezeka kuchokera ku ma CD apamwamba zikuyembekezeka kukwera ndi 4.6%, kufika pa $10.7 biliyoni (pafupifupi 77.81 biliyoni RMB).