Nkhani Zamakampani: Kuphatikiza ndi kugula makampani opanga ma semiconductor padziko lonse lapansi kukukweranso

MCU+AI: njira yosapeŵeka

STMicroelectronics yagula Deeplite, ikuyang'ana kwambiri paukadaulo wa AI

Mu Epulo chaka chino, STMicroelectronics (ST) idagula kampani yoyambira ya AI yaku Canada yotchedwa Deeplite, yomwe idakopa chidwi cha makampani. Monga tonse tikudziwa, vuto lalikulu lomwe ma model ophunzirira mozama amakumana nalo pakuyika ma process ndi kukula kwa ntchito zawo, zofunikira pa purosesa, komanso mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Deeplite imathetsa vutoli popereka injini ya mapulogalamu yodziyimira yokha kuti ikwaniritse ma DNN (deep neural network), zomwe zimathandiza AI kuchita edge computing pa chipangizo chilichonse.

Deeplite, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2017, imadziwika ndi njira yake ya DeepSeek yogwiritsira ntchito AI, yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri pa kukonza, kuwerengera, ndi kukanikiza mitundu ya AI. Neutrino, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito AI, imatha kukanikiza mitundu yayikulu yophunzirira mozama kufika pa gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a kukula kwake koyambirira pomwe ikusunga kulondola kopitilira 98%. Kudzera mu ukadaulo waukulu atatu - kudula kulemera (kuchotsa magawo owonjezera), kuwerengera (kuchepetsa zofunikira pakuwerengera molondola) ndi sparsification (kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zolemera zomwe sizili ndi mtengo), mitundu yayikulu ya AI imatha kugwira ntchito mwachangu, yaying'ono komanso yogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri pazida zam'mphepete. Mapulogalamu omwe kale ankafunikira mphamvu zowerengera mitambo tsopano amatha kugwira ntchito bwino pazida zam'mphepete monga makamera amafoni ndi masensa a mafakitale.

Deeplite yakhala ikukopa chidwi chachikulu m'masiku ake oyambirira ndipo yatchulidwa kuti ndi kampani yotsogola kwambiri yopanga zinthu za AI ndi Gartner, Forbes, Inside AI, ndi ARM AI. Kugula kumeneku kukugwirizana kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa njira ya STMicroelectronics kukhala AI ya edge, komwe kumaphatikiza zida ndi mapulogalamu munjira ya "double helix". Ukadaulo wa Deeplite wokonza ma model umalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi STMicroelectronics' STM32 series MCUs ndi ma NPU odzipereka kuti athandizire kupanga mayankho a AI ochokera kumapeto mpaka kumapeto. Mwachitsanzo, m'mafakitale anzeru, makamera okhala ndi ma chips a STMicroelectronics amatha kuzindikira zolakwika mwachindunji popanda kuyika deta ku mtambo, ndipo liwiro la mayankho limawonjezeka ndi nthawi 40.

Kumbali inayi, Deeplite ili ndi gulu la akatswiri opanga ma algorithm a AI apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, omwe ST idzaphatikiza zida zopitilira 200 zopangira AI kuti apange dongosolo logwirizana la chitukuko cha "chitsanzo cha laibulale-optimizer-hardware platform". Mwachidule, kupeza Deeplite sikungomaliza gawo lomaliza la chithunzi cha ST pamlingo wa mapulogalamu a AI, komanso kukuwonetsa kusintha kwa makampani opanga ma semiconductor kuchoka pa "kupanga ma chips" kupita ku "kupanga ubongo".

NXP yagula kampani ya NPU Kinara kuti isinthe smart edge

Mu February chaka chino, NXP idalengeza kugula kampani yoyambira ya US edge AI chip Kinara pamtengo wa US $307 miliyoni. Kinara idakhazikitsidwa mu 2013 ndipo poyamba idatchedwa Core Viz, kenako idasinthidwa dzina kukhala Deep Vision, ndipo idasinthidwa dzina kukhala Kinara mu 2022. NPU ya Kinara (kuphatikiza Ara-1 ndi Ara-2) imatsogolera makampaniwa pakuchita bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yankho labwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito AI yomwe ikubwera chifukwa cha masomphenya, mawu, manja ndi njira zina zosiyanasiyana zopangira AI, ndipo kupangika kwake kumatsimikizira kuti ikhoza kusintha malinga ndi ma algorithms a AI omwe akusintha.

NXP yati kugula kumeneku kudzaphatikiza Kinara's NPU yodziyimira payokha ndi pulogalamu yake ya purosesa, kulumikizana ndi mapulogalamu achitetezo, zomwe zithandiza kupereka nsanja yonse ya AI yotheka komanso yowonjezereka kuyambira TinyML kupita ku AI yopangira kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za AI zomwe zikukula mwachangu m'misika yamafakitale ndi yamagalimoto. Izi zithandiza kupanga machitidwe atsopano oyendetsedwa ndi AI m'magawo amafakitale ndi IoT, kuthandiza makasitomala kuti azitha kusinthasintha, kufulumizitsa nthawi yogulitsa, ndikuwonjezera luso laukadaulo m'malo monga magalimoto anzeru, kupita kumadera omwe ali ndi phindu lalikulu.

Edge AI: Malo Omenyera Opanga MCU

Kwa nthawi yayitali pakhala lingaliro lolakwika pankhani ya luntha lochita kupanga kuti "kukula ndi mphamvu". Ngakhale kuti mitundu yayikulu imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, imakumana ndi zovuta pakuyika mphamvu zenizeni - kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kumatsutsana ndi zofunikira zopepuka kumbali ya m'mphepete. Akatswiri amakampani abwerezabwereza zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yayikulu: mbali imodzi, kuphunzitsa ndi kuyendetsa mitundu yayikulu kumafuna zida zambiri zamakompyuta; mbali inayi, madera ofunikira pakulimbikitsa kukula kwa luntha lochita kupanga ndi zida zamakompyuta zam'mphepete ndi zida zama terminal zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kuchedwa.

Sikovuta kumvetsetsa kuti zomwe zapezeka pamwambapa zikusonyeza kuti bwalo lalikulu lankhondo la MCU likusinthira ku edge AI computing. Akuyembekezeka kuti pofika chaka cha 2025, 75% ya deta idzakonzedwa m'mphepete, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kwa msika wa edge AI MCU. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kufunikira kwa edge AI computing kukukula mofulumira, ndipo MCU, monga gawo lalikulu la zida za edge, idzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa izi.

Mtsogolomu, ma MCU sadzakhalanso ndi ntchito zowongolera zachikhalidwe, koma pang'onopang'ono adzaphatikiza luso la kulingalira la AI ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga kuzindikira zithunzi, kukonza mawu, ndi kukonza zida zodziwiratu. Ma MCU okhala ndi luso la makompyuta a m'mphepete adzakhala onyamula mphamvu ya makompyuta a m'mphepete chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kuyankha mwachangu, kupereka chithandizo champhamvu pazida zanzeru ndi machitidwe.

Opanga ena akuluakulu a MCU nawonso akutenga ndikupikisana nawo pankhaniyi, monga kugula kwa Renesas Electronics kwa Reality AI, kugula kwa Infineon kwa Imagimob yaku Sweden, ndi kuyambitsa kwa NXP kwa pulogalamu yophunzirira makina eIQ ndi unyolo wa zida za AI NANO.

Zingatsimikizidwe kuti Edge AI idzakhala malo ofunikira kwambiri pankhondo ya MCU m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi.

Zamagetsi zamagalimoto: cholinga chachikulu cha mpikisano wa ndalama

Posachedwapa, kuphatikizana kwa ma semiconductor ndi kugula zokhudzana ndi ntchito zamagalimoto kwawonekera kawirikawiri. Kuwonjezera pa mphamvu ya makompyuta, kusintha kwa mphamvu zamagalimoto, kulumikizana kwa netiweki m'galimoto, mawu am'galimoto ndi ukadaulo wina kwathandizanso kubwerezabwereza ndikusintha kwa ukadaulo wa ma semiconductor, zomwe zapangitsa makampani ena kuti awonjezere kapangidwe kawo kaukadaulo kudzera mu kuphatikizana ndi kugula.

Makampani opanga zinthu za semiconductor ndi makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wambiri komanso amafunikira ndalama zambiri. Poganizira zakale m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, kuphatikizana ndi kuphatikizana kwakhala njira yosapeŵeka pakukula kwa makampaniwa.

Makampani akuluakulu a AI nthawi zambiri amagula zinthu pofuna kukonza kapangidwe kake kaukadaulo ndikupanga mwayi wokwanira wa "chip + system + ecosystem". Opanga makampani akuluakulu a MCU akusintha pang'onopang'ono kukhala AI, akuyesera kutenga msika wanzeru wa terminal pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu. M'munda wamagalimoto, makompyuta mkati mwa galimoto, kuyendetsa pawokha komanso kulumikizana kwa deta kwakhala madera ofunikira kwambiri pa mpikisano wa ndalama. Nthawi yomweyo, makampani a EDA akusiya kupereka zida kupita kumanga chilengedwe. Makampani akuluakulu amaphatikiza IP ndi njira zopangira, ndikumanga ulamuliro pamsika kudzera mu kapangidwe ka "zida-zomangamanga-zokhazikika".

Mu nthawi ino yophatikizana ndi kugula makampani, mgwirizano wa ukadaulo, kufalikira kwa msika, ndi kulamulira kwa chilengedwe zakhala mfundo zazikulu. Makampani ayenera kulinganiza kuphatikizana kwa nthawi yochepa komanso kafukufuku wa nthawi yayitali komanso chitukuko pakati pa kuchuluka kwa ndalama. Popeza pali zopinga zaukadaulo komanso momwe makampani opanga zinthu zamagetsi amafunira ndalama zambiri, kusinthaku si "njira yachidule" koma "marathon" yomwe imafuna ndalama zambiri kwa nthawi yayitali.